What is referred to as a last resort supported by hearsay evidence?

The correct choice in this context is commonly referred to as a "common report." This term is used to describe a type of report that, although not based on direct evidence, can lean on hearsay or commonly accepted beliefs about particular situations or observations when no other solid evidence is available. In surveying and legal situations, such reports may come into play when more formal forms of evidence are absent, and the information relied upon is based on general consensus rather than verified facts.

In contrast, a testament generally implies a formal declaration or statement, often providing direct evidence of a person's knowledge or understanding, making it more reliable than hearsay. Witness testimony represents personal accounts or observations that directly contribute to establishing facts in a legal matter, focusing on evidence from firsthand experience. An affidavit is a sworn statement that is notarized, providing credible, firsthand evidence that is not based on hearsay but on what the affiant knows personally. Each of these options has its own context and level of reliability in the legal and surveying fields, but the common report is specifically noted for its reliance on hearsay and perceived common knowledge.