What is the definition of a program in the context of computer science?

In computer science, a program is defined as a sequence of computer instructions that are executed by a computer to perform a specific task or set of tasks. This definition encompasses both high-level languages, such as Python or Java, and low-level languages, like assembly or machine code. Programs can range from simple scripts that perform basic calculations to complex software applications that handle a variety of functions.

The correct answer emphasizes the nature of a program, which essentially transforms human-readable instructions into a format that a computer can understand and execute. This definition captures the essence of programming, which involves writing code that guides a computer's operations directly.

In contrast, other options do not align with this definition. A step-by-step drawing does not pertain to the computational aspect of programming. Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, which is distinct from what a program does. An algorithm is a set of logical steps to solve a problem but is not synonymous with a program itself; rather, an algorithm may be implemented as a program. Thus, the essence of a program lies in its role as an executable sequence of instructions that accomplish various tasks through computer operations.