What manages all other programs within a computer system?

The operating system (OS) is crucial for managing all other programs within a computer system. It acts as an intermediary between the hardware of the computer and the software applications, ensuring that resources are efficiently allocated and utilized. The OS provides a user interface, manages file systems, handles input and output operations, and assists in resource management such as memory and processor time.

An operating system is responsible for executing application programs, and it manages system resources including memory, CPU usage, and device interactions. Without an operating system, application software would not have a framework to operate within, which highlights its foundational role in computing environments.

Other options are important in their respective roles but do not encompass the overarching management function of the operating system. For instance, application software performs specific tasks for end users, device drivers enable communication between the OS and hardware components, while web browsers serve to access and display content from the internet. These functions rely on the OS for overall coordination and resource management, illustrating why the operating system is the core manager of all other programs.