What term refers to a situation where a person takes possession and use of property belonging to another under certain conditions?

The term that describes a situation where a person takes possession and use of property belonging to another under specific conditions is adverse possession. This legal doctrine allows an individual to claim ownership of land under certain criteria, typically involving continuous, actual, hostile, and open use of the property for a statutory period, which varies by jurisdiction.

The essence of adverse possession is that it acknowledges the practical use of land and sometimes compensates for the original owner's neglect. If the conditions for adverse possession are met, the person can eventually gain legal title to the property, thus overcoming the original owner's claim despite not having formally transferred ownership.

In contrast, other terms listed lack this specific legal foundation. Foreclosure relates to the process by which a lender repossesses property due to the owner's failure to meet financial obligations. Leasehold refers to a tenant's right to use and occupy property under a lease agreement, which involves a contract with the property owner. Encroachment describes a situation where a property owner inadvertently or purposely extends the use of their property beyond established boundaries, but it does not imply a claim to ownership.