Which line serves as the principal east-west line in rectangular surveys of an area?

The principal east-west line in rectangular surveys is known as the Base Line. This line serves as a crucial reference point in the rectangular survey system, which is used primarily in the United States for land surveying and subdivision.

The Base Line is established parallel to the equator and is used in conjunction with Principal Meridians, which run north-south. Together, these lines create a grid system that allows for the precise location of land parcels. Every rectangular survey system is defined by a Principal Meridian and its corresponding Base Line, creating a systematic method to identify land.

Understanding that the Base Line delineates boundaries for townships and sections in an area is essential for surveyors and anyone involved in land transactions. It ensures clarity in land ownership and development and facilitates the organization of land records, which is fundamental to effective property management and land use planning.