Which system is established by the National Oceanic Survey/National Geodetic Survey for Texas?

The Texas State Plane Coordinate System is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to provide a consistent framework for mapping and surveying in Texas. This system uses planar coordinates for accuracy in local surveys, minimizing distortion that can occur when representing the earth's curved surface on a flat plane.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) through its National Geodetic Survey (NGS) has developed the State Plane Coordinate System to cater to the unique geographical and legal framework of states within the U.S., including Texas. This system is crucial for ensuring that data from various surveying projects remains consistent and reliable across large geographical areas.

Other systems mentioned in the choices include the Texas Land Survey System, which is a historical land division system, and the Texas Geodetic Survey System, which is less commonly referenced in modern practices compared to the State Plane system. The Texas Height Reference System focuses on elevation data rather than horizontal positioning, making it suitable for different applications but not the primary coordinate system used for surveying in Texas.