Which term describes an orbit that is oval-shaped?

The term that describes an orbit that is oval-shaped is "Elliptical Orbit." This type of orbit is characterized by its elongated circular shape, which distinguishes it from a perfect circle. In an elliptical orbit, the distance between the orbiting object and the body it orbits varies, leading to changes in speed and distance throughout the orbit.

Elliptical orbits are commonly observed in the motion of planets, moons, and artificial satellites. The law of gravitation and dynamics dictate that objects often follow this type of path due to gravitational forces and initial conditions affecting their motion.

In contrast, the other terms refer to specific conditions or characteristics of orbits. A circular orbit is one where the distance from the object to the body being orbited remains constant, resulting in a uniform circular path. A geostationary orbit is a specific type of circular orbit where a satellite appears to remain stationary relative to the Earth's rotation, located directly above the equator at a particular altitude. Meanwhile, a geosynchronous orbit, while it can be elliptical, is defined by its synchronization with the Earth's rotation, meaning it has a period equal to one day. These definitions distinguish them clearly from the concept of an elliptical orbit.